Identification of Salt Acid Solution Compounds
A compound is acidic when blue litmus paper turns red, but red litmus paper does not change color. meanwhile if the base group compound is red litmus paper turns blue, but blue litmus paper does not change color. If the compound does not change the color of litmus paper, it is classified as not an acid or base or a neutral compound.
Salt characteristics
When an acidic solution with an alkaline solution is reacted, the H + ion (from acid) will react with the OH- ion (from the base) to form water. This reaction between acids and bases is called a neutralization reaction if the amount of acid is equal to the amount of base. So called because in addition to water, also produced a neutral substance that is salt, if the amount of acid and the amount of base have the same ratio. This reaction is also known as the salting reaction because it produces salt.
Salt is in the form of neutral salt, basic salt and acid salt. Generally salt dissolves easily in water, is a solid at room temperature (25oC), is an electrolyte so that it can conduct electric current, has a high boiling point and melting point.
Salt Properties
Salt can be made by reacting a metal with a dilute strong acid or reacting between an acid and a base. The reaction of an acid with a base is called a neutralization reaction.
The neutralization reaction produces a compound called salt. Examples of table salt (NaCL) are formed from the reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.
Examples of salt that exist in our daily lives:
Sodium chloride (NaCL) is called table salt
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) which is called English salt as a laxative abat.
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a compound in limestone, marble or marble.
Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) called washing soda
Aluminum solfaf (Al2 (SO4)), for water purification
Sodium stearate (NaC17H35COO), a soap bath ingredient
Indicators of Acid, Base and Salt
Lots of solutions around us, whether they are acidic, basic, or neutral. Do you know how to determine the exact acidic and basic properties of a solution? Indicators that can be used are acid-base indicators.
Indicators are substances that show different indications in acid, base and salt solutions. How to determine which compounds are acidic, basic, or neutral can use litmus paper and a solution of indicators or natural indicators.
Here are some ways to test the properties of the solution.
Indicator with Litmus Paper
Litmus paper colors in acidic solutions, basic solutions and neutral solutions are different. There are two kinds of litmus paper, namely red litmus and blue litmus. The properties of each litmus paper are as follows.
a. Red litmus in acidic solutions is red and in alkaline solutions are blue.
b. Blue litmus in acidic solution is red and in alkaline solution is blue.
c. Red and blue litmus in neutral solutions do not change color.
Identification with Litmus Paper
Indicators of Acid and Base Solutions Using Natural Indicators
The experiment you have done is to identify an acidic, basic or neutral solution using litmus paper. Are there other ways to identify a solution? There are several ways you can do yourself at home, namely by using natural indicators.
Various colored flowers or plants, such as leaves, petals, turmeric, mangosteen peel, and purple cabbage can be used as indicators of acid base. Extracts or extracts of these ingredients can show different colors in acid-base solutions.
Acid Solution Identification
For example, take mangosteen peel, mash until smooth and mix with a little water. Mangosteen skin color is purple (in a neutral state). If the mangosteen peel extract is divided in half and each drop of acid and base solution, then in the acid solution changes color from purple to reddish brown. Dripping base solution will change the color from purple to blackish blue.
Examples of Acids, Bases and Salt
Acid Example
Acid can easily be found in our daily lives. In food, drinks, fruits, rain water even in our bodies. Based on its origin, acids are grouped into 2 groups, namely organic acids and mineral acids.
Organic acids come from natural sources (plants and animals), generally weak acids. Examples of organic acids are citric acid found in citrus fruits, formic acid found in ant bites and bee stings and acetic acid found in vinegar. Mineral acids are acidic compounds such as hydrochloric acid (stomach acid) found in the digestive system of humans and animals.
Many mineral acids are also used by humans to meet their daily needs and are generally strong acids. Examples of mineral acids are hydrochloric acid which is widely used in industry, sulfuric acid for car batteries and hydrofluoric acid which is usually used in glass factories.
Based on its strength, acids are divided into two types, strong acids and weak acids. The strength of an acid can be determined from its ability to release positively charged hydrogen ions (H + ions) when dissolved in water. The more H + ions released, the stronger the acidic properties.