Parochial Politics: Definition and Culture
Parochial Politics, Understanding, Culture, Characteristics, Subjects, Participants, Experts: In this case in general, the understanding of political culture is the pattern of behavior of a society in the life of the state, the administration of the state, government politics, law, customs and norms that are lived towards all members of the community every day. Political culture is defined as a system of shared values of a society consciously to participate in making collective decisions and public policies for the whole community.
Parochial Political Culture and Understanding and Its Characteristics
Understanding Culture
The word culture comes from the Saduri Language of their predecessors or ancestors because the culture is hereditary and passed down from generation to generation. When talking about cultural issues maybe people will immediately associate it with customs or art. Even from the understanding of culture alone, we can conclude that culture is everything that comes from human reason, including religion, science, technology, buildings, and language.
Understanding Politics
The word politics comes from the Greek word Polis which means city state or policy which in English means policy. Whereas in Arabic, politics is also called siyasah which means clever or wise.
From these various meanings, we can conclude that politics is always associated with decision making, policy, and power. Politics basically has a state scope, because the state is a high political institution that affects people's lives. Politics also includes ideas, principles, history, and community groups.
Understanding Parochial Political Culture
Parochial political culture is the lowest type of political culture, in this political culture people do not feel that they are citizens of a country, they identify themselves more with a feeling of locality. There is no pride in the political system. They have no attention to what happens in the political system, they have little knowledge about the political system and rarely talk about political problems.
This political culture also indicates that the people do not have the interest or ability to participate in politics. Feelings of political competence and political power automatically do not arise, when dealing with political institutions.
For this reason, the emergence of feelings of political competence and political empowerment has made it difficult to build democracy in a parochial political culture. Democracy in a parochial political culture can only be built if there are institutions and a feeling of new citizenship.
Understanding Political Culture According to Experts
From the discussion of cultural understanding and political understanding above, surely we already understand or at least have a little picture of what political culture is. To be clearer, here are some notions of political culture according to experts:
Sidney Verba
Politics is an empirical, symbolic, and values system of beliefs that confirms a situation where political action is carried out.
Alan R. Ball
Political culture is an arrangement consisting of attitudes, beliefs, emotions, and values of the community that are related to political systems and issues.
Robert Dahl
Political culture is the political aspect of a system of values consisting of ideas, knowledge, customs, superstitions and myths. All of these are known and recognized by most people. The political culture gives rational to reject or accept other values and norms.
Lucian Pye
Political culture especially in the aspect of political development in developing countries, with the main indicators concerning political insight, how the relationship between goals, and the standard way to assess political actions and values that stand out for political action.
Mochtar Masoed
Political culture is the attitude and orientation of citizens of a country towards the life of state government and politics in the country.
Marbun
Political culture is the attitudes, choices and political orientation of citizens towards the political system in their country and implemented in their society.
Rusadi Sumiputra
Political culture is the pattern of individual behavior and orientation towards political life that is lived by all members of the political system.
Parochial Political Culture
Parochial political culture is a political culture where the level of political participation is very low. Political culture of a society can be said Parochial if the frequency of their orientation towards the four dimensions of determinants of political culture is close to zero or has no attention at all to the four dimensions.
The Characteristics of Parochial Political Culture
Apathetic
Low political knowledge
Do not care and withdraw from political life
Community members tend not to take an interest in broad political objects
Community members' awareness of the existence of a center of authority and power in their community is low
Citizens do not get their hopes up in the political system
There is no specific political role
The scope is narrow and small
The society is simple and traditional
Example
parochial political culture, that is, people in the interior tribes where they do not yet know who their country leaders are and do not participate in the elections at all.
Political Culture Subject / Subject
Kaula political culture (subject), namely the political culture in which the community concerned is relatively advanced both socially and economically but is still passive. The political culture of a society can be said to be the subject if there is a high frequency of orientation towards the knowledge of the political system in general and the object of output or there is an understanding of the strengthening of policies made by the government. However, the frequency of orientation regarding structure and role in policy making by the government is not given much attention.
Cultural Characteristics of Subjects / Subjects
Having sufficient political knowledge
Political participation is minimal
Low political awareness
The economic life of citizens is good
The level of education is relatively advanced
The community is fully aware of government authority
Citizens are quite satisfied to accept what comes from the government
Citizens consider themselves less able to influence the political system
People passively obey officials, the government and the law
Example
The Political Culture of the Subject / Kaula namely the Javanese community (palace) in Jogja. Where people already have an understanding & awareness of the importance of participating in politics, but they are helpless and uncritical (just following orders, not giving aspirations).
Participant Political Culture
Participant political culture, that is, political culture characterized by a very high political awareness. The community is able to give their opinions and be active in political activities. And it is also a form of political culture where members of the community already have a good understanding of the four defining dimensions of political culture. They have adequate knowledge about the political system in general, about the role of government in making policies and strengthening, and actively participate in the ongoing political process
Characteristics of Participant Political Culture
High political knowledge
High political awareness
Active political control
Citizens have sensitivity to problems or issues concerning political life
Citizens are able to judge against problems or political issues
Citizens are aware of the authority or authority of the government
Citizens have an awareness of their roles, rights and obligations, and responsibilities
Citizens are able and brave to provide input, ideas, demands, criticism of the government
Citizens have the awareness to obey the rules and policies issued without feeling depressed
Example
parochial political culture, namely the activeness of the community towards various matters relating to politics such as elections, demonstrations, and others.
Political culture is a pattern of behavior in a society in the life of the state, the administration of the state, government politics, law, normal habits that are lived by all members of the community every day.
"Political Culture of Subjects / Subjects" Definition & (Characteristics)
Political culture can also be interpreted as a shared value system of a society that has the awareness to participate in collective decision making and public determination for the whole community.
Definition of Political Culture of Kaula (Subject)
Which is a political culture in which the community concerned is relatively advanced both socially and economically but is still passive. The political culture of a society can be said to be the subject if there is a high frequency of orientation towards the knowledge of the political system in general and the object of output or there is an understanding of the strengthening of policies made by the government.
However, the frequency of orientation regarding structure and role in policy making by the government is not given much attention. The subjects were aware of government authority and were effectively directed at that authority.
Public attitudes toward the existing political system are shown through pride or even dislike. In essence in the subject's political culture, there is already adequate knowledge about the political system in general and the process of strengthening policies made by the government.
Democracy is difficult to develop in societies with a subject's political culture because each citizen is not active. Feelings affect the political process when they have made contact with local officials. In addition, they also have low political competence and political empowerment so it is very difficult to expect high political participation, so that the creation of a control mechanism for the running of the political system.
Political culture which shows that the members of the community have an interest, attention, perhaps also awareness of the system as a whole, especially in the output aspects.
Characteristics of Political Culture of subjects / subjects
The characteristics of the political culture of subjects / subjects are:
There is demand, awareness and attention to the political system.
There is an understanding and understanding of things that become government policy.
Passive participation in policy making.
If you do not like the prevailing political system, the community is just silent and has feelings.
The social and economic level of society is relatively advanced, but the relationship between the community and the political system is passive.
Public awareness of government authority.
Society in general is obedient, accepting, loyal and loyal to the suggestions, orders and policies of its leaders.
Thus the discussion on "Political Culture of Subjects / Subjects" Definition & (Characteristics) Hopefully with this review can add insight and knowledge of you all, thank you very much for your visit.